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How to adapt composite spun fibers to special needs
source：www.artisanleather.com.cn | Release time：2025-10-141、 Adapting to "extreme environmental demands": high temperature resistance, low temperature resistance, chemical corrosion resistance
For extreme temperature and humidity/chemical corrosion scenarios such as petrochemicals, aerospace, and polar scientific research, composite spun fibers solve the pain point of single fibers' inability to withstand extreme environments through "high-temperature resistant raw material composite+dense structure design":
1. High temperature resistance requirements (such as insulation for industrial kilns and materials for aircraft engines)
Adaptation logic: Choose high temperature resistant polymer (melting point/decomposition temperature ≥ 300 ℃) as the core layer, paired with an oxidation resistant outer layer to avoid fiber melting or brittleness at high temperatures.
Typical solution: Basalt fiber/aramid composite spinning fiber - with basalt fiber (high temperature resistance ≥ 800 ℃, acid and alkali resistance) as the core layer, and aramid 1414 (temperature resistance ≥ 300 ℃, tensile fracture resistance) as the outer layer, the fiber is made through the "skin core composite spinning process"; This fiber can be woven into insulation cloth for the inner wall insulation of kilns. It can withstand high temperature baking and avoid the problems of brittleness and easy breakage of basalt fibers. Its service life is increased by more than 30% compared to a single basalt fiber.
Other scenes: Kitchen flame retardant apron (fiberglass/polyester composite spun fiber, temperature resistance ≥ 200 ℃, non melting in case of fire), car engine compartment wiring harness wrapping cloth (PPS/PEEK composite spun fiber, temperature resistance ≥ 260 ℃, oil corrosion resistance).
2. Low temperature resistance requirements (such as polar research clothing, cold chain logistics insulation materials)
Adaptation logic: Using "low crystallinity soft polymer" to composite "high-strength support fibers" to avoid fiber hardening and brittle cracking at low temperatures, while retaining warmth.
Typical solution: Spandex/Ultra fine Polyester Composite Spinning Fiber - Using spandex (which has good flexibility at low temperatures and maintains elasticity at -40 ℃) as the core layer, the outer layer is coated with ultra fine polyester (single fiber fineness ≤ 0.5dtex, with many gaps between fibers and strong insulation), and elastic insulation fibers are made through the "parallel composite spinning process"; The woven fabric is used for the inner layer of polar research clothing, which not only does not stiffen at -50 ℃, but also enhances warmth through the "air locking" effect of ultra-fine polyester, which is 50% higher than traditional pure cotton fabric.
3. Chemical corrosion resistance requirements (such as chemical protective clothing, laboratory gloves)
Adaptation logic: Choose "chemically inert polymer" as the outer layer to isolate acids, bases, and organic solvents, and pair the inner layer with "breathable and moisture absorbing fibers" to balance protection and comfort.
Typical solution: PTFE/nylon composite spun fiber - the outer layer is PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene, strong acid and alkali resistant, organic solvent resistant, known as the "plastic king"), and the inner layer is nylon 6 (moisture absorbing and breathable, improving skin comfort), which is made into fibers through the "island type composite spinning process"; The woven fabric is used for chemical protective clothing, which can resist the erosion of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid and 50% sodium hydroxide solution. At the same time, the inner layer of nylon absorbs moisture and sweat, avoiding prolonged stuffiness and solving the pain point of traditional PTFE fabric's lack of breathability.
2、 Adapt to the "functional protection requirements": antibacterial, radiation resistant, and stab resistant
For scenarios that require active protection such as healthcare, electronics, and security, composite spun fibers achieve an upgrade from passive protection to active function through the combination of functional raw materials and nanoscale additives
1. Antibacterial needs (such as medical surgical gowns, infant clothing, antibacterial home textiles)
Adaptation logic: Embedding "antibacterial agents" into composite fiber structures, or using "natural antibacterial fibers" to composite "conventional fibers", to achieve long-lasting antibacterial effects and avoid the detachment of antibacterial agents.
Typical solution 1 (inorganic antibacterial): Silver ion/polyester composite spinning fiber - adding nano silver ions (antibacterial rate ≥ 99%, effective against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) to the polyester melt, and using the "blended composite spinning process" to produce fibers with polyester; The woven medical surgical gown can prevent bacterial adhesion during the surgical process, reduce the risk of postoperative infection, and silver ions are embedded in the fibers through melt blending. After 50 washes, the antibacterial rate still remains above 90% (traditional post finishing antibacterial fabrics have a sharp decline in antibacterial rate after 10 washes).
Typical Scheme 2 (Natural Antibacterial): Bamboo Fiber/Cotton Composite Spinning Fiber - Using bamboo fiber (containing natural bamboo quinone, antibacterial rate ≥ 95%, moisture absorption and breathability) as the "island phase" and cotton fiber as the "marine phase", the fibers are made through the "island type composite spinning process"; Used for infant and toddler clothing, it not only uses bamboo fiber to resist bacteria and avoid eczema, but also uses cotton fiber to enhance softness and solve the problem of pilling easily caused by a single bamboo fiber.
2. Radiation protection requirements (such as maternity radiation protection clothing, electronic factory work clothes)
Adaptation logic: Composite "metal conductive fibers" with "conventional textile fibers" to block electromagnetic waves through the "electromagnetic shielding effect" of metal fibers, while controlling the metal content to avoid fabric stiffness.
Typical solution: Stainless steel microfilaments/polyester composite spun fibers - stainless steel microfilaments with a diameter of ≤ 10 μ m (good conductivity, electromagnetic shielding rate ≥ 30dB) and polyester are made into fibers through a "mixed fiber composite spinning process", and the content of stainless steel microfilaments is controlled at 5% -8%; The woven anti radiation fabric can shield low-frequency electromagnetic waves generated by mobile phones, computers, microwave ovens, etc. (shielding rate ≥ 99%), and the fabric is soft and foldable, more resistant to water washing than traditional "metal coated anti radiation fabrics" (shielding rate does not decrease after 20 washes), suitable for daily wear.
3. Anti stab cutting requirements (such as security uniforms, slaughterhouse work clothes, outdoor rescue gloves)
Adaptation logic: Using "high modulus, high fracture strength fibers" as the "skeleton", composite "high toughness fibers" to form a "dense fiber network" that prevents sharp objects from piercing.
Typical solution: Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)/aramid composite spun fiber - with UHMWPE (fracture strength 15 times that of steel wire, impact resistance) as the core layer, coated with aramid 1313 (cutting resistance, wear resistance) on the outer layer, and made into fibers through the "skin core composite spinning process"; The woven fabric is used for slaughterhouse workwear and can resist cutting by slaughter knives (cutting force ≥ 50N, in accordance with GB 24540-2021 "Protective Clothing Anti stab Clothing" standard). At the same time, it is more wear-resistant than a single UHMWPE fabric and has a 40% longer service life.
3、 Adapting to the needs of comfort and health: moisture wicking, breathable and cool, anti allergic and skin friendly
For scenarios with high comfort requirements such as sportswear, infant and toddler products, and elderly clothing, composite spun fibers balance functionality and body feel through "irregular structure design+hydrophilic material composite"
1. Moisture wicking needs (such as sports T-shirts, outdoor quick drying pants)
Adaptation logic: Use "hydrophilic polymer" as the "core layer" (moisture absorbing) and "hydrophobic polymer" as the "outer layer" (sweat wicking), quickly conducting moisture through the "core absorption effect" to avoid sweat sticking to the body.
Typical solution: Polyester/Nylon composite spinning fiber (irregular skin core structure) - the core layer is made of nylon 6 (with more hydrophilic groups and a moisture absorption rate of ≥ 4.5%), the outer layer is made of polyester (hydrophobic, with a moisture absorption rate of ≤ 0.4%), and the outer layer is designed with a "Y-shaped irregular cross-section" (to increase the fiber surface area and accelerate water evaporation); By using the "skin core irregular composite spinning process" to produce fibers, the sports T-shirt woven can transfer sweat from the skin surface to the outer layer of the fabric and evaporate within 30 minutes, which is twice the drying speed of traditional pure cotton T-shirts and solves the problem of "wet and cold sticking" after exercise.
2. Breathable and cool feeling requirements (such as summer pajamas, ice silk T-shirts)
Adaptation logic: Composite "high thermal conductivity fibers" and "breathable structural fibers", quickly dissipate heat through thermal conductivity while retaining the breathability of the fabric.
Typical solution: Ice cooling silk/adhesive composite spinning fiber - using ice cooling silk (polybutylene terephthalate, with a thermal conductivity 1.5 times that of polyester, instantly cooling by 0.5-1 ℃ when in contact with the skin) as the "skin phase" and adhesive fiber (moisture absorbing, breathable, and soft to the skin) as the "core phase", the fiber is made through the "skin core composite spinning process"; The ice silk fabric woven is used for summer pajamas, which not only brings a "cool feeling" through the thermal conductivity of ice silk, but also absorbs moisture and sweat through adhesive fibers, avoiding the problems of traditional ice silk fabrics being breathable and stuffy. The perceived temperature is 2-3 ℃ lower than pure cotton fabric.
3. Anti allergy and skin friendly needs (such as baby wipes, elderly care clothes)
Adaptation logic: Using "non irritating natural fibers" combined with "low crystallinity soft fibers" to avoid rough fiber surfaces and chemical residues that may cause allergies, while improving softness.
Typical solution: Silk/Ultra fine Adhesive Composite Spinning Fiber - Using silk (natural protein fiber, no chemical stimulation, good skin affinity) as the "island phase" and ultra fine adhesive (single filament fineness ≤ 0.3dtex, high softness) as the "marine phase", the fiber is made through the "island type composite spinning process"; The infant wet wipes made from this material have a smooth and burr free fiber surface, are free of formaldehyde and fluorescent agents, and have a moisture absorption capacity three times that of ordinary polyester wet wipes. When wiping, it does not irritate the delicate skin of infants and solves the problem of red buttocks caused by traditional synthetic wet wipes.
4、 Adapting to the needs of industrial upgrading: high-strength, lightweight, and biodegradable
In response to the "industry level special needs" of new energy, environmental protection, manufacturing, etc., composite spun fibers achieve "performance breakthroughs+sustainable development" through "high-performance raw material composite+green technology":
1. High intensity and lightweight requirements (such as new energy vehicle seat belts, drone wing covers)
Adaptation logic: Using "high specific strength fibers" combined with "low-density fibers" to improve strength while reducing weight, replacing traditional metal materials.
Typical solution: Carbon fiber/PP composite spinning fiber - using carbon fiber (with a specific strength of 6 times that of steel wire and a density of only 1/4 of steel) as the core layer, with an outer layer wrapped in PP (polypropylene, light density, easy to process), and made into fibers through the "pultrusion type composite spinning process"; The woven fabric is used for drone wing cover, which reduces weight by 60% compared to traditional aluminum alloy cover and increases tensile strength by 40%. It can withstand the impact of airflow during high-speed drone flight, and the outer layer of PP is resistant to ultraviolet aging, with a service life of more than 5 years.
2. Biodegradable requirements (such as eco-friendly shopping bags, agricultural cover films, disposable medical supplies)
Adaptation logic: Choose "fully biodegradable polymer" composite or "biodegradable polymer+natural fiber" to ensure that the fibers can be degraded in the natural environment after disposal, reducing white pollution.
Typical solution: PLA/PBAT composite spinning fibers - PLA (polylactic acid, derived from corn starch, biodegradable) and PBAT (polybutylene adipate, biodegradable, good toughness) are made into fibers through a "blended composite spinning process" (PLA provides strength, PBAT enhances toughness); The environmentally friendly shopping bag made can be completely degraded into carbon dioxide and water in the soil for 6 months, and its tensile strength is comparable to traditional polyethylene shopping bags, solving the pain points of "difficult degradation and environmental pollution" of traditional plastic bags; It can also be used as agricultural covering film, which degrades into soil organic matter without affecting crop growth.
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